Dictionary Attack:

A dictionary attack is a type of cyber attack where an attacker attempts to gain unauthorized access to a system or account by systematically trying a large number of words or phrases from a dictionary. The idea behind a dictionary attack is that many users choose passwords that are based on common words or phrases, making it easier for an attacker to guess their password using a dictionary.

To carry out a dictionary attack, the attacker uses a program or script that automates the process of trying words or phrases from a dictionary as passwords. The program will typically try different variations of each word or phrase, such as adding numbers or symbols, to increase the likelihood of guessing the correct password.

Dictionary attacks are a common type of attack against password-protected systems, such as online accounts or computer systems. They are often used in combination with other attacks, such as phishing or social engineering, to gain access to sensitive information.

To protect yourself from a dictionary attack, it is important to choose a strong, complex password that is not based on common words or phrases. This means using a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols, and avoiding easily guessable information such as your name, birthdate, or favorite sports team.

Additionally, many systems and websites now implement security measures such as two-factor authentication, which can help prevent unauthorized access even if an attacker manages to guess your password. Two-factor authentication requires an additional form of authentication, such as a security token or biometric information, in addition to your password.